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An infected person may spread the parasites to food or surfaces if they don’t wash their hands after going to the toilet. Infection is caused by, for example, swimming in a contaminated pool and accidentally swallowing water, or through contact with infected animals.

Cryptosporidium infection – parasites are found in the bowels of humans and animals.

Infection is caused by, for example, consuming contaminated food or water, eating undercooked meat (especially chicken), and not washing your hands after handling infected animals.

Campylobacter infection – the bacteria are found in animal faeces (poo) and uncooked meat, particularly poultry.

Infection is caused by drinking contaminated water or eating contaminated raw fruits and vegetables.

Escherichia coli infection – this is a common problem for travellers to countries with poor sanitation.

Some of the common types of infectious gastroenteritis include: In each case, infection occurs when the agent is ingested, usually by eating or drinking. Infectious gastroenteritis is caused by viruses, bacteria or parasites.

medication – certain medication (such as antibiotics), can cause gastroenteritis in susceptible people.

chemicals – lead poisoning, for example, can trigger gastroenteritis.

Some strains of staphylococcal bacteria produce toxins that can cause gastroenteritis

bacterial toxins – the bacteria themselves don’t cause illness, but their poisonous by-products can contaminate food.parasites – such as Entamoeba histolytica, Giardia lamblia and Cryptosporidium.bacteria – such as the Campylobacter bacterium.viruses – such as norovirus, calicivirus, rotavirus, astrovirus and adenovirus.There are many things that can cause gastroenteritis, including: generally feeling unwell – including lethargy and body aches.The symptoms of gastroenteritis can include: Some of the causes of gastroenteritis include viruses, bacteria, bacterial toxins, parasites, particular chemicals and some drugs. A person suffering from severe gastroenteritis may need fluids administered intravenously (directly into the bloodstream via a vein – the setup is often referred to as a ‘drip’).

The main complication of gastroenteritis is dehydration, but this can be prevented if the fluid lost in vomit and diarrhoea is replaced. In many cases, the condition heals itself within a few days. Typical symptoms include abdominal cramps, diarrhoea and vomiting. Gastroenteritis is an illness triggered by the infection and inflammation of the digestive system.